Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)Device; Using radio waves within the magnetic field with powerful magnets, they are medical devices used to detect and identify diseased or healthy differences between tissues by clearly distinguishing the specific anatomical internal structures of living beings from other internal structures by means of reflection.
HISTORY OF MRI Device
Serbian-American electrical and mechanical engineer inventor Nikola Tesla’s description of the multi-phase current in 1882 that produced a rotating magnetic field to rotate the engine; it forms the basis of the popular magnetic resonance imaging device. Nobel prize-winning German physicists Otto Stern and Walther Gerlach; In 1922, they experimented with silver vapour and showed that atoms were deflected in the magnetic field. After determining the position and quantity of hydrogen atoms in organic matter and creating a tiny magnet with the rotation of plus-loaded hydrogen nuclei around itself, it was introduced in the field of chemistry with the discovery of the NMR – Nuclear Magnetic Resonance device in 1924. In 1938, Isidor Isaac Rabi, a Polish-born Nobel laureate and physicist, was assassinated. Developed nuclear magnetic resonance usage techniques to distinguish between the magnet cycle and the nucleus cycle of atoms, and developed a device that detects the magnetic properties of gaseous substances.
In 1946, Nobel prize-winning American physicists Edward Mills Purcell and Felix Bloch; With their independent discovery of nuclear magnetic resonance in liquids and solids, it has made it widely used today to study molecular pure materials and the component structure of their mixtures. In the 1950s, after American physicist Erwin Hahn detected spin echoes and decreased free induction, Herman Carr produced a one-dimensional NMR spectrum. Vladislav Ivanov of the Soviet Union; Although he applied for a patent for a Magnetic Resonance Imaging Device with spectra imaging in 1960, his application was not accepted until 1984.
On December 11, 1959, American electrical engineer Prof. Jerome R. Singer; Although the entire body NMR machine was patented by Alexander Ganssen in 1967 to measure blood flow in the human body with the research report “Blood Flow Rates with NMR Measurement”, it was not put into medical practice until the 1980s. In the 1960s, in cells and tissues; Studies on relaxation, diffusion and chemical exchange of water have emerged with scientific results. In 1967, T.R. Ligon of the United States issued the first NMR signals from a live mouse with anaesthesia, Wright Haskell Langham and Jasper A. Jackson of the United States, after living human subjects reported measurement of NMR relaxation of water in their arms.
In 1970, American research engineer and physicist Lawrence H. Irwin Weisman, professor of pathology and developmental biology with Bennett, found that neoplasms showed different relaxation times than normal tissues. Since the early 1970s, it has been understood that magnetic resonance imaging devices are the main determinants of contrast in MRI and can be used to detect and distinguish early cancer cells along with pathology.
First, in March 1971, Turkish Armenian – American Professor Raymond Vahan Damadian and a group of researchers; In 1972, Professor Damadian invented a magnetic resonance cancer detection machine after showing that tumours and normal tissues can be distinguished. Prof. Damadian, along with Larry Minkoff and Michael Goldsmith, a graduate student; Although by the late 1970s, a mouse had obtained the appearance of a tumour in its chest, as well as a human first MRI body scan, and published its work; Since routine clinical use is very slow, the imaging technique has not been made a practically usable method and has never been used for MRI imaging.
Discovery of MRI Devices
In 1973, Paul Christian Lauterbur of the United States; By expanding Herman Carr’s technique, he developed MRI images in 2D and 3D using gradients. Professor Lauterbur; In January 1974, he released the first cross-sectional image of a living mouse with nuclear magnetic resonance. From the late 1970s to the late 1980s, British physicist professor Sir Peter Mansfield said: “It’s been a long time since I’ve had a 1970s. developed the Eco-planar Imaging –EPI technique, which will cause their scans to take seconds instead of hours and produce clearer images than Prof. Lauterbur. Dr Lauterbur, the nuclear magnetic resonance device combines chemical and spatial data; Although it is called “zeugmatography” from the Latin word Zeugma, which means intersection point, the term Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Image has been introduced in practice.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging – Which plays an important role in the discovery and development of the MRI device and today, with more than 22,000 MRI units worldwide, over 60 million examinations are performed annually, enabling millions of patients to recover with early diagnosis and diagnosis through MRI imaging; Peter Mansfield was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2003 along with Paul Lauterbur.
