{"id":1871,"date":"2021-05-18T20:39:16","date_gmt":"2021-05-18T20:39:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/?p=1871"},"modified":"2022-10-04T18:45:44","modified_gmt":"2022-10-04T18:45:44","slug":"son-gunlerde-gundeme-gelen-demir-kubbe-nasil-calisir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/son-gunlerde-gundeme-gelen-demir-kubbe-nasil-calisir\/","title":{"rendered":"Son g\u00fcnlerde g\u00fcndeme gelen demir kubbe nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130srail’in demir kubbe hava savunma sistemi nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\"Gazze'den\n\t\tGazze’den ate\u015flenen f\u00fczeleri engelleyen demir kubbenin \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131klar g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. BBC\n\t

Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz hafta Hamas ve di\u011fer Filistinli gruplar taraf\u0131ndan \u0130srail’e do\u011fru 3.000’den fazla roket at\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ancak \u0130srail ordusuna g\u00f6re, ate\u015flenen roketlerin yakla\u015f\u0131k %90’\u0131 \u0130srail’in geli\u015fmi\u015f hava savunma sistemi demir kubbe (Iron dome) taraf\u0131ndan engellendi.<\/p>\n

Demir kubbe, bir dizi k\u0131sa menzilli tehditleri engellemek i\u00e7in \u00f6zel olarak tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

L\u00fcbnanl\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct Hizbullah Hareketi’nin \u0130srail’e b\u00fcy\u00fck hasar veren, toplu tahliyelere yol a\u00e7an ve binlerce \u00f6l\u00fcme neden olan f\u00fcze sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n sonucunda, sistemin temelleri 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck hasardan sonra \u0130srail yeni bir hava savunma sistemi \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\"_118496404_iron_dome_v2_640-2x-nc\"\n\t

\u0130srailli savunma sanayi firmalar\u0131 Rafael Advanced Defense Systems ve Israel Aerospace Industries taraf\u0131ndan ABD’nin deste\u011fiyle hayata ge\u00e7irilen demir kubbe sistemi, 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda faaliyete ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en geli\u015fmi\u015f savunma sistemlerinden biri olarak kabul edilen demir kubbe, gelen tehditleri hasara neden olmadan \u00f6nce tespit etmek ve yok etmek i\u00e7in geli\u015fmi\u015f radar sistemi kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\t

RAW FOOTAGE: This is the moment the Iron Dome intercepted a barrage of rockets over Tel Aviv and central Israel. pic.twitter.com\/8jl8OTgWCl<\/a>— Israel Defense Forces (@IDF) May 11, 2021<\/a><\/blockquote> \n\t

Demir kubbenin dezavantajlar\u0131<\/h2>\n

Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere bu sistem m\u00fckemmel de\u011fil ve ayn\u0131 zamanda demir kubbe de a\u015f\u0131lamaz de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Sistemin maliyeti olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksek ve her \u00f6nleyici f\u00fcze 20.000 ila 100.000 dolar aras\u0131nda bir de\u011fere sahip. \u00d6te yandan Hamas, \u0130srail’e kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 her roket i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k 800 ila birka\u00e7 bin dolar harc\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bu nedenle, demir kubbe sistemi engelleme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7ok etkili olabilir ancak tehdide k\u0131yasla finansal olarak \u00e7ok verimsizdir. Tabii ki, sizi roket veya top\u00e7u sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a etkili bir \u015fekilde koruyabilecek g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen bir \u015femsiye oldu\u011funu bildi\u011finizde, bu sistemin ekonomik boyutunu \u00e7ok fazla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmezsiniz.<\/p>\n

Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 durdurmada ne kadar ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131?<\/h3>\n

\u0130srailli yetkililer ve savunma \u015firketleri, sistemin binlerce roket ve top\u00e7unun hedeflerine ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 engelledi\u011fini ve y\u00fczde 90’\u0131n \u00fczerinde bir ba\u015far\u0131 oran\u0131na sahip oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, baz\u0131 savunma uzmanlar\u0131, \u0130srail’in verdi\u011fi rakamlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenilmez oldu\u011funu<\/a> ve Gazze’den roket ve top\u00e7u ate\u015fleyen Hamas ve \u0130slami Cihad da dahil olmak \u00fczere gruplar\u0131n sisteme uyum sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunarak bu rakamlar\u0131 sorguluyor.<\/p>\n

Ger\u00e7ekte olan \u015fey ise, \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek teknolojiye sahip \u0130srail ve \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck teknoloji g\u00fc\u00e7leri aras\u0131nda, basit ev yap\u0131m\u0131 roketlere kar\u015f\u0131 son teknoloji \u0130srail sistemlerinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak \u0130srail’in y\u00fcksek teknolojisi bile yeterli olmayabilir.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\"960x0\"\n\t

Demir kubbe, bir dizi radar, sava\u015f y\u00f6netimi, silah kontrol\u00fc ve uzaktan f\u00fcze f\u0131rlatma sistemini i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n

Radar birden fazla gelen nesneyi alg\u0131lar ve izler; sava\u015f y\u00f6netim sistemi daha sonra her nesnenin bir tehdit olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirler ve bunun sonunda bir veya daha fazla \u00f6nleyici f\u00fcze atar. Her f\u0131rlat\u0131c\u0131 rampa sistemi, yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 kilo a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve 40 kilometreden fazla menzile sahip 20 adet Tamir f\u00fczesi<\/a> ta\u015f\u0131r. Bu f\u00fczelerin her biri 20.000 ila 100.000 dolar<\/a> aras\u0131nda bir maliyete sahip oldu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor.<\/p>\n

Ancak Gazze veya Bat\u0131 \u015eeria’dan ate\u015flenen roketler ise \u00e7ok daha basitlerdir. Demir kubbe i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilen orijinal isimlerden biri Anti-Kassam idi ve Kassam, Hamas<\/a> taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan roketler i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir isimdir. Bu f\u00fczeler y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde geli\u015fmi\u015ftir fakat tasar\u0131m anlam\u0131nda bir de\u011fi\u015fime u\u011framam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Roketler el yap\u0131m\u0131 imal edilir ve ana bile\u015fen olarak \u00fczerine kaynak yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f y\u00fczge\u00e7leri olan bir \u00e7elik veya al\u00fcminyum bir boruyu kullan\u0131r. Bu roketler, suni g\u00fcbrenin eritilmi\u015f \u015fekerle kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla yap\u0131lan roket yak\u0131t\u0131 ile doldurulur. Yine roketin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131k ev yap\u0131m\u0131 patlay\u0131c\u0131 bir sava\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r ve \u00fczerine f\u00fcnye eklenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\"960x0\n\t

Hamas Kassam roketi f\u0131rlat\u0131lmaya haz\u0131r<\/p>\n

Bir Kassam roketinin g\u00fcd\u00fcm sistemi yoktur ve ayn\u0131 zamanda ev yap\u0131m\u0131 basit bir metal f\u0131rlatma rampas\u0131ndan ate\u015flenir. Ancak yukar\u0131da say\u0131lan malzemeler onlar\u0131 engelleyen Tamir f\u00fczelerinden \u00e7ok daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve sadece birka\u00e7 y\u00fcz dolara mal oluyor.<\/p>\n

Kassam f\u00fczelleri genellikle hedefsiz bir \u015fekilde yayl\u0131m ate\u015fi olarak f\u0131rlat\u0131l\u0131r. Son derece hesaps\u0131z ve sadece hedefin genel y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ate\u015flenebilirler, herhangi bir hedefi vurma \u015fans\u0131 da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. El yap\u0131m\u0131 sava\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 modern f\u00fczelerle k\u0131yasland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7ok az hasar verir. Etkileri esas olarak d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n morali \u00fczerinde oluyor. F\u00fczeler ate\u015flendi\u011finde ve alarm \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, insanlar\u0131 i\u015flerini b\u0131rakmaya ve bar\u0131naklarda saklanmaya zorluyor.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca Hamas, mobil olarak ve di\u011fer ithal askeri donan\u0131mlardan ate\u015flenen s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 say\u0131da 122 mm Grad<\/a> f\u00fczelerine de sahiptir.<\/p>\n

Demir kubbe, Hamas roketlerinin bug\u00fcne kadar ciddi kay\u0131plara neden olmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemede b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Ancak bahsetti\u011fimiz gibi sistemin zay\u0131f y\u00f6nleri var; sistem, bir seferde ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kabilece\u011fi maksimum roket say\u0131s\u0131yla birlikte bir ‘doygunluk noktas\u0131na’ sahip. Bu say\u0131 a\u015f\u0131l\u0131rsa, gelen f\u00fczeler savunma sistemini a\u015fabiliyor. IDF, son ya\u015fanan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan bu yana yakla\u015f\u0131k 3000 roketin ate\u015flendi\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\"57513060_303\"\n\t

Ayr\u0131ca Tamir f\u00fczelerinin arz\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 ve pahal\u0131d\u0131r. Oysa Hamas’\u0131n binlerce Kassam ve di\u011fer silahlar\u0131 stoklad\u0131\u011f\u0131 biliniyor<\/a>. Bazen demir kubbe roketi engellemek i\u00e7in bir rokete kar\u015f\u0131 iki f\u00fcze f\u0131rlat\u0131r. Sistemin \u00f6nleyici roketleri t\u00fckenirse, kay\u0131plar h\u0131zla artabilir.<\/p>\n

Rand taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan 2016 ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na g\u00f6re<\/a>, demir kubbenin etkinli\u011fi stratejik bir zay\u0131fl\u0131k bile olabilir. Gelen bilgilere g\u00f6re, Gazze’deki \u00f6l\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131 en son \u0130srail hava sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131ndan sonra yakla\u015f\u0131k 150 ki\u015fiye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve 1100’den fazla yaral\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu bildirildi. Bu say\u0131 \u0130srail’in kay\u0131plar\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha fazla.<\/p>\n

Tek ba\u015f\u0131na hava savunma sistemi sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 durdurmak i\u00e7in yeterli olmayacak ve sistem ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olursa, h\u00fck\u00fcmetin halk\u0131n\u0131 savunamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrse demir kubbeye olan g\u00fcven y\u0131k\u0131lacakt\u0131r ve bunun ciddi sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011furaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na geliyor. Bunu engellemek i\u00e7in, roketlerin kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmek \u00fczere yap\u0131lacak olan bir kara sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 da \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00f6l\u00fcm ve k\u00fcresel siyasi sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7abilir. Bu kadar iyi bir savunma ile ilgili sorun ise ona \u00e7ok fazla g\u00fcvenebilmenizdir.<\/p>\n\t

Kaynak: https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/davidhambling\/2021\/05\/12\/under-the-iron-dome-the-problem-with-israels-rocket-shield\/?sh=56065a5e59b8<\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-20385306<\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/israels-iron-dome-proves-successful-against-gaza-rockets\/a-57513596<\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.rafael.co.il\/press\/<\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/2021\/05\/11\/iron-dome-missile-rockets-gaza\/<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Son g\u00fcnlerde s\u0131k\u00e7a ad\u0131n\u0131 duydu\u011fumuz demir kubbe hava savunma sistemi s\u00f6ylenildi\u011fi kadar ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 m\u0131?","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":1879,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,4,141],"tags":[271,275,277,273,272,274,276],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1871"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1871"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1871\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4900,"href":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1871\/revisions\/4900"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1879"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1871"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1871"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1871"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}