{"id":1623,"date":"2021-04-19T17:21:29","date_gmt":"2021-04-19T17:21:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/?p=1623"},"modified":"2021-04-24T20:33:58","modified_gmt":"2021-04-24T20:33:58","slug":"tarihin-akisini-tamamen-degistiren-uc-hata","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/tarihin-akisini-tamamen-degistiren-uc-hata\/","title":{"rendered":"Tarihin Ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 Tamamen De\u011fi\u015ftiren \u00dc\u00e7 Hata"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hata yapmak insan do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131n olmazsa olmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla insanl\u0131k tarihi de hatalar\u0131 ile \u00fcnl\u00fc ki\u015filerle doludur. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z baz\u0131 hatalar belki de hayal bile edemeyece\u011fimiz sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7abilir. \u00d6yleyse bu hatalar\u0131n tarihin ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fine bir g\u00f6z atal\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Berlin Duvar\u0131’n\u0131n Y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Berlin Duvar\u0131’n\u0131n bir anda y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 bir siyasi bask\u0131dan veya \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck i\u00e7in devrimci bir m\u00fccadeleden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilirsiniz. Ancak bu durum, Do\u011fu Almanya h\u00fck\u00fcmet s\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc G\u00fcnter Schabowski<\/a> taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan bir hatadan kaynaklan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do\u011fu Almanya seyahat k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131n\u0131 gev\u015fetmeye karar vermi\u015fti. Schabowski’ye de bir bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131 d\u00fczenleyip bu gev\u015fetilmi\u015f kurallar\u0131 Alman halk\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131klama g\u00f6revi verilmi\u015fti. 9 Kas\u0131m 1989’da Schabowski’ye k\u00fcrs\u00fcde okumas\u0131 i\u00e7in ka\u011f\u0131tlar verilmi\u015fti fakat konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 yapmadan \u00f6nce ka\u011f\u0131tlara hi\u00e7 g\u00f6z gezdirmemi\u015fti. Konu\u015fma uzun ve can s\u0131k\u0131c\u0131yd\u0131 ancak s\u0131n\u0131rlar aras\u0131ndaki seyahat k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131nda gev\u015feme hakk\u0131nda konu\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda herkes bir anda dikkatini konu\u015fmaya verdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baz\u0131 gazeteciler, Schabowski’nin seyahat k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131n\u0131n tamamen kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015flerdi. Gazetecilerden birinin “Karar ne zaman y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giriyor?” diye sormas\u0131 \u00fczerine Schabowski cevab\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in sayfalar\u0131 \u00e7evirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131 ancak zamana dair bir detay g\u00f6remedi. Kendini g\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00e7 duruma d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc fark ettikten sonra “Bildi\u011fim kadar\u0131yla hemen” diye do\u011fa\u00e7lama bir cevap verdi. Ancak ka\u011f\u0131tta karar\u0131n yar\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girece\u011fi yaz\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Schabowski’nin s\u00f6zleri b\u00fcy\u00fck bir h\u0131zla t\u00fcm \u00fclkeye yay\u0131ld\u0131. Bat\u0131 Almanyal\u0131 gazeteciler duvar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyuruyordu. K\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde duvar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kalabal\u0131k olu\u015ftu. \u0130nsanlar duvara t\u0131rmanmaya bile ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Sonunda bariyerlerden biri kalkt\u0131 ve Do\u011fu Almanyal\u0131lar 28 y\u0131ldan sonra ilk kez Bat\u0131 Berlin’e ge\u00e7ti. Hatta Bat\u0131 Almanya’ya ge\u00e7enlerin aras\u0131nda Angela Merkel bile vard\u0131. Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131 Almanya, 3 Ekim 1990 tarihinde birle\u015ferek tek bir \u00fclke haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Amerika K\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131n Ke\u015ffi<\/strong><\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hepimiz Kolomb’un Amerika’ya geldi\u011finde bu topraklar\u0131n Hindistan oldu\u011funu zannetti\u011fi hikayesini duymu\u015fuzdur. Peki b\u00f6yle bir yanl\u0131\u015f hesaplama nas\u0131l meydana geldi? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Kolomb’un matemati\u011finin k\u00f6t\u00fc olmas\u0131, onun art arda \u00fc\u00e7 kez \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm hatas\u0131 yapmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk hata, yanl\u0131\u015f enlem hesaplamalar\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. M.\u00d6. 200’de Eratosthenes<\/a>, 1 derece enlemin yakla\u015f\u0131k 59.5 deniz mili<\/a>ne e\u015fit oldu\u011fu sonucuna vard\u0131. Ancak Kolomb o \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcleri benimsemek yerine, 1 derece enlemin 56.67 mil oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen Ferg\u00e2n\u00ee<\/a>‘nin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerini kulland\u0131. Roma mili ile Arap mili aras\u0131nda bir fark oldu\u011funu fark etmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in bir hata daha yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ferg\u00e2n\u00ee’nin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hesaplama Arap\u00e7a mile g\u00f6reydi.  Arap\u00e7a mil yakla\u015f\u0131k 2.2 kilometreye denk geliyorken Roma mili yakla\u015f\u0131k 1.5 kilometreye denk geliyordu. Bu iki hatadan dolay\u0131 Kolomb, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7evresini %25 yanl\u0131\u015f hesaplad\u0131, ki bu da zaten yeterince yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131yd\u0131. Ancak orada durmad\u0131. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc hatay\u0131 da Asya k\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7mede yapt\u0131. Ptolemy<\/a>, Marinus of Tyre<\/a> ve Marco Polo<\/a> gibi ka\u015fiflerden elde etti\u011fi verilere dayanarak Kolomb, kendi hesaplamalar\u0131n\u0131 yaparak Japonya’n\u0131n 85\u00b0 bat\u0131 boylam\u0131nda oldu\u011fu sonucuna vard\u0131. Ancak ger\u00e7ekte yakla\u015f\u0131k 140\u00b0 do\u011fudayd\u0131. Bu \u00fc\u00e7 yanl\u0131\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmle de \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fekilde %58’lik bir hata pay\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. T\u00fcm hesaplamalar\u0131 do\u011fru yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen ve di\u011ferlerini de bu \u015fekilde ikna eden Kolomb, Hindistan’\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stalin\u2019in Paranoyas\u0131 \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcne Sebep Olmu\u015ftur<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stalin’in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc beraberinde birka\u00e7 komplo teorisini de getirmi\u015ftir. Bunlardan biri de onun suikaste kurban gitme korkusu ile ilgilidir. Korumalar\u0131n\u0131n bile odas\u0131na izinsiz girmesi yasakt\u0131. \u00d6yle ki, bir g\u00fcn, Stalin g\u00fcnl\u00fck rutinine devam etmek i\u00e7in odas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda korumalar\u0131 i\u00e7eriye girip nedenini \u00f6\u011frenecek cesareti toplayamam\u0131\u015flard\u0131 \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc odaya izinsiz girselerdi idam edileceklerdi. Ancak Stalin kritik bir durumdaysa ve korumalar\u0131 da d\u0131\u015far\u0131da bekleseydi, bu durum da idam edilmelerine sebep olacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Stalin\u2019i odas\u0131nda \u00e7aresiz bir durumda bulmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen ondan korkmu\u015flard\u0131, yard\u0131m\u0131na gelen doktorlar bile titreyen ellerle onu muayene ettiler. Olaydan d\u00f6rt g\u00fcn sonra Stalin, iddiaya g\u00f6re fel\u00e7 ge\u00e7irerek \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaynaklar: <\/strong>StoryPick<\/a>, The Washington Post<\/a>, Medium<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Tarihin ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015f bu hatalar\u0131 hi\u00e7 merak ettiniz mi?","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":1632,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[232,235,231,233,236,237,234,238],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1623"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1623"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1623\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1632"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1623"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1623"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/herkafadanses.com\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1623"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}